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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella. It has a cell wall made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, a large cup-shaped chloroplast, a large pyrenoid, and an "eyespot" that senses light.
Chlamydomonas species are widely distributed worldwide in soil and fresh water. ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' is an especially well studied biological model organism, partly due to its ease of culturing and the ability to manipulate its genetics. When illuminated, ''C. reinhardtii'' can grow photoautotrophically, but it can also grow in the dark if supplied with organic carbon. Commercially, ''C. reinhardtii'' is of interest for producing biopharmaceuticals and biofuel, as well being a valuable research tool in making hydrogen.
==History==
The ''C. reinhardtii'' wild-type laboratory strain c137 (mt+) originates from an isolate made near Amherst, Massachusetts, in 1945 by Gilbert M. Smith.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 CC-125 wild type mt+ 137c )〕〔The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook, ISBN 978-0-12-370873-1)〕
The species has been spelled several different ways because of different transliterations of the name from Russian: ''reinhardi'', ''reinhardii'', and ''reinhardtii'' all refer to the same species, ''C. reinhardtii'' Dangeard.〔http://megasun.bch.umontreal.ca/protists/chlamy/taxonomy.html Chlamydomonas Taxonomy.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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